It is important to first explain that "syndrome" is simply a collection of the symptoms and "disorder" is the actual condition.

Research has shown that many factors may lead to this disorder - TMJ dysfunction (TMD).
TMD can occur by itself or be a part of a more complex problem. Statistics indicate that the vast majority of TMJ disorders are caused by trauma.

There 2 types of trauma; Macro-trauma that is sustained from a major injury to the joint or Micro-trauma that is the result of the low grade, repetitive injury.

We believe that there is usually more than one factor responsible for TMJ dysfunction. Some of the causes may be:

Automobile Accident
Sports Injury
Clenching and Grinding of the teeth known as “Bruxism”
Systemic diseases
Neuromuscular imbalances.
Inflammation of the joint.
Rheumatoid arthritis.
Osteoarthritis (degenerative)

Another common cause involves displacement or dislocation of the disk that is located between
the jawbone and the socket. The disk can also develop a hole or perforation, which can produce a grating sound with joint movement.

TMJ disorders can occur if:
The disk erodes or moves out of its proper alignment.
The joint's cartilage is damaged by arthritis.
The joint is damaged by a blow or other impact.)

The muscles that stabilize the joint become fatigued from overwork, which can happen if you habitually clench or grind your teeth.

Signs and Symptoms of TMJ Disorder.